Effects of Dietary Bacillus licheniformis and Combined Herbs Extracts Supplementation on Physiological and Immune Characteristics, Microbial Community, and Vibriosis Resistance of Apostichopus japonicus

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis and combined herbs extracts on physiological immune characteristics, intestinal microbiota, vibriosis resistance sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. The cucumbers were fed with basal diets supplemented B. (B group), (C or both (BC group). BC group exhibited better growth performance higher digestive enzyme activities, whereas lowest parameters appeared in control group. revealed that dietary combination could improve digestion, food intake, phosphatase-responsiveness, oxidation more efficiently compared other groups. also capable regulating flora balance by increasing beneficial bacteria related energy synthesis metabolic conversion, inhibiting potential pathogens associated organic damage disorders. Furthermore, showed greater ability improving disease reducing cumulative mortality rates counts Vibrio splendidus. These results collectively demonstrated parameters, optimize microbial community, enhance cucumbers, health-promoting obvious supplying them combination.